Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characterization, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activity and Nanogel Formulation

This study investigates an efficient and sustainable route of preparing Ag nanoparticles (NPs) using 1–5 mmol/L aqueous silver nitrate with leaf extracts five plants—Musa balbisiana (banana), Azadiracta indica (neem), Ricinus communis (castor-oil plant), Tridax procumbens (tridax), Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine) for their wide availability. These synthesized were characterized the help ultraviolet (UV)–visible (Vis) spectrophotometer. The peaks observed in 418–493 nm. For M. balbisiana, A. indica, R. communis, C. halicacabum, average size was range 90–100 T. procumbens, it 39–60 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis showed peak region confirming presence elemental silver. Field emission scanning electron microscopy that particles a spherical shape sample 33.87 well procumbents 28.512 NPs effective antibacterial antifungal activity against representative pathogens bacteria fungi. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging found to be 8.9%–78.86%. H2O2 recorded 6.036%–57.342%. nanogel prepared from NPs, its properties like viscosity stability evaluated. results confirmed this protocol is simple, rapid, one-step, eco-friendly, nontoxic, alternative conventional physical/chemical method.